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新开了一台 ORACLE Cloud，默认磁盘 46G，现扩容到200G。纪录下：

磁盘扩容

默认的磁盘空间如下：

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[[email protected] ~]$ df -h
Filesystem                  Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                    4.0M     0  4.0M   0% /dev
tmpfs                        12G     0   12G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                       4.5G  9.2M  4.5G   1% /run
/dev/mapper/ocivolume-root   30G   11G   20G  35% /
/dev/sda2                   2.0G  332M  1.7G  17% /boot
/dev/sda1                   100M  6.5M   94M   7% /boot/efi
/dev/mapper/ocivolume-oled   15G  253M   15G   2% /var/oled
tmpfs                       2.3G     0  2.3G   0% /run/user/1000
tmpfs                       2.3G     0  2.3G   0% /run/user/984

web 扩容

web 页面进行磁盘扩容，点击确认之后会弹出窗口，让执行的命令，具体如下：

刷新磁盘

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sudo dd iflag=direct if=/dev/oracleoci/oraclevda of=/dev/null count=1
echo "1" | sudo tee /sys/class/block/`readlink /dev/oracleoci/oraclevda | cut -d'/' -f 2`/device/rescan

登录 操作系统 执行 lsblk检查磁盘

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[[email protected] ~]$ lsblk
NAME               MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda                  8:0    0  196G  0 disk
├─sda1               8:1    0  100M  0 part /boot/efi
├─sda2               8:2    0    2G  0 part /boot
└─sda3               8:3    0 44.5G  0 part
  ├─ocivolume-root 252:0    0 29.5G  0 lvm  /
  └─ocivolume-oled 252:1    0   15G  0 lvm  /var/oled

可以看到 sda 的size 变成了 196G，当然可以通过lvm的磁盘管理进行扩容，但是 oracle 提供了/usr/libexec/oci-growfs -y

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[[email protected] ~]# pvs
  PV         VG        Fmt  Attr PSize  PFree
  /dev/sda3  ocivolume lvm2 a--  44.50g    0
[[email protected] ~]# /usr/libexec/oci-growfs -y
Volume Group: ocivolume
Volume Path: /dev/ocivolume/root
Mountpoint Data
---------------
          mountpoint: /
              source: /dev/mapper/ocivolume-root
     filesystem type: xfs
         source size: 29.4G
                type: lvm
                size: 29.5G
    physical devices: ['/dev/sda3']
    physical volumes: ['/dev/sda', '/dev/sda']
    partition number: ['3']
   volume group name: ocivolume
   volume group path: /dev/ocivolume/root

Partition dry run expansion "/dev/sda3" succeeded.
CHANGE: partition=3 start=4401152 old: size=93325312 end=97726463 new: size=406640607 end=411041758

Expanding partition /dev/sda3: Confirm?  Partition expand expansion "/dev/sda3" succeeded.
update-partition set to true
FLOCK: try exec open fd 9, on failure exec exits this program
FLOCK: /dev/sda: obtained exclusive lock
resizing 3 on /dev/sda using resize_sfdisk_gpt
411041792 sectors of 512. total size=210453397504 bytes
## sfdisk --unit=S --dump /dev/sda
label: gpt
label-id: C6D5D6CC-AD6F-429B-A89A-6B66E6751930
device: /dev/sda
unit: sectors
first-lba: 34
last-lba: 97727250
sector-size: 512

/dev/sda1 : start=        2048, size=      204800, type=C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B, uuid=7B47A8B9-7E4B-4524-BBC0-DE85EF8268B0, name="EFI System Partition"
/dev/sda2 : start=      206848, size=     4194304, type=0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4, uuid=F45B9334-7171-4983-A111-E930193151B7
/dev/sda3 : start=     4401152, size=    93325312, type=E6D6D379-F507-44C2-A23C-238F2A3DF928, uuid=C7F10104-AB57-44BA-9DD8-D88666B22FE0
padding 33 sectors for gpt secondary header
max_end=411041758 tot=411041792 pt_end=97726463 pt_start=4401152 pt_size=93325312
resize of /dev/sda returned 0.
FLOCK: /dev/sda: releasing exclusive lock

CHANGED: partition=3 start=4401152 old: size=93325312 end=97726463 new: size=406640607 end=411041758

Extending /dev/sda3 succeeded.
Device /dev/sda3 extended successfully.
Logical volume /dev/ocivolume/root extended successfully.
[[email protected] ~]# lsblk
NAME               MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda                  8:0    0   196G  0 disk
├─sda1               8:1    0   100M  0 part /boot/efi
├─sda2               8:2    0     2G  0 part /boot
└─sda3               8:3    0 193.9G  0 part
  ├─ocivolume-root 252:0    0 178.9G  0 lvm  /
  └─ocivolume-oled 252:1    0    15G  0 lvm  /var/oled

可以看到 / 变成了 178G，但是 /var/oled 仍然占有 15G，现把 /var/oled 缩小 7G，给到 /

但是磁盘是xfs的

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[[email protected] oled]# df -T
Filesystem                 Type     1K-blocks     Used Available Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                   devtmpfs      4096        0      4096   0% /dev
tmpfs                      tmpfs     11751184        0  11751184   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                      tmpfs      4700476     9344   4691132   1% /run
/dev/mapper/ocivolume-root xfs      187523072 11818236 175704836   7% /
/dev/sda2                  xfs        2031616   339412   1692204  17% /boot
/dev/sda1                  vfat        102156     6586     95570   7% /boot/efi
/dev/mapper/ocivolume-oled xfs       15663104   261496  15401608   2% /var/oled
tmpfs                      tmpfs      2350236        0   2350236   0% /run/user/1000
tmpfs                      tmpfs      2350236        0   2350236   0% /run/user/984

由于xfs不能缩容，采用重建的方式

/var/oled缩容（XFS 文件系统专用方案）：

1. 备份 /var/oled 数据

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sudo mkdir /tmp/oled_backup
sudo rsync -av /var/oled/ /tmp/oled_backup/

2. 卸载文件系统

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sudo umount /var/oled

3. 删除原逻辑卷

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sudo lvremove /dev/ocivolume/oled

输入 y 确认删除

4. 创建新逻辑卷（缩小为 7GB）

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sudo lvcreate -L 7G -n oled ocivolume

5. 格式化新逻辑卷为 XFS

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sudo mkfs.xfs /dev/ocivolume/oled

6. 重新挂载并恢复数据

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sudo mount /dev/mapper/ocivolume-oled /var/oled
sudo rsync -av /tmp/oled_backup/ /var/oled/

7. 扩展根目录（使用释放的 8GB 空间）

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# 扩展逻辑卷
sudo lvextend -L +8G /dev/ocivolume/root

# 扩展 XFS 文件系统
sudo xfs_growfs /

8. 清理备份

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sudo rm -rf /tmp/oled_backup

9. 更新 fstab（确保永久挂载）

umount: /var/oled: target is busy.

但是 /var/oled/ 被占有，无法umount，检查占有 /var/oled/ 的进程

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sudo umount /var/oled
umount: /var/oled: target is busy.
[[email protected] ~]# lsof  /var/oled
COMMAND    PID USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF    NODE NAME
pmcd      2777  pcp  cwd    DIR  252,1      159 8388736 /var/oled/pcp/pmcd
pmcd      2777  pcp    1w   REG  252,1    25778 8388737 /var/oled/pcp/pmcd/pmcd.log
pmcd      2777  pcp    2w   REG  252,1    25778 8388737 /var/oled/pcp/pmcd/pmcd.log
pmdaroot  2784 root  cwd    DIR  252,1      159 8388736 /var/oled/pcp/pmcd
pmdaroot  2784 root    2w   REG  252,1      861 8388738 /var/oled/pcp/pmcd/root.log
pmdaproc  2810 root  cwd    DIR  252,1      159 8388736 /var/oled/pcp/pmcd
pmdaproc  2810 root    2w   REG  252,1      327 8388739 /var/oled/pcp/pmcd/proc.log
pmdaxfs   2820 root  cwd    DIR  252,1      159 8388736 /var/oled/pcp/pmcd
pmdaxfs   2820 root    2w   REG  252,1       76 8388740 /var/oled/pcp/pmcd/xfs.log
pmdalinux 2826 root  cwd    DIR  252,1      159 8388736 /var/oled/pcp/pmcd
pmdalinux 2826 root    2w   REG  252,1      658 8388741 /var/oled/pcp/pmcd/linux.log
pmdakvm   2830 root  cwd    DIR  252,1      159 8388736 /var/oled/pcp/pmcd
pmdakvm   2830 root    2w   REG  252,1       76 8388742 /var/oled/pcp/pmcd/kvm.log
pmie      3618  pcp  cwd    DIR  252,1       22     134 /var/oled/pcp/pmie/liups.com
pmie      3618  pcp    1w   REG  252,1      679     136 /var/oled/pcp/pmie/liups.com/pmie.log
pmie      3618  pcp    2w   REG  252,1      679     136 /var/oled/pcp/pmie/liups.com/pmie.log
pmlogger  3644  pcp  cwd    DIR  252,1      143 8388743 /var/oled/pcp/pmlogger/liups.com
pmlogger  3644  pcp    2w   REG  252,1    29268 8388745 /var/oled/pcp/pmlogger/liups.com/pmlogger.log
pmlogger  3644  pcp    4w   REG  252,1    13092 8388746 /var/oled/pcp/pmlogger/liups.com/20250610.08.46.index
pmlogger  3644  pcp    5w   REG  252,1  1510943 8388747 /var/oled/pcp/pmlogger/liups.com/20250610.08.46.meta
pmlogger  3644  pcp   10w   REG  252,1 19937816 8388752 /var/oled/pcp/pmlogger/liups.com/20250610.08.46.1
pmdadm    6519 root  cwd    DIR  252,1      159 8388736 /var/oled/pcp/pmcd
pmdadm    6519 root    2w   REG  252,1       75 8388744 /var/oled/pcp/pmcd/dm.log
python3   8612 root  cwd    DIR  252,1      159 8388736 /var/oled/pcp/pmcd
python3   8612 root    2w   REG  252,1       82 8388750 /var/oled/pcp/pmcd/nfsclient.log
python3   9001 root  cwd    DIR  252,1      159 8388736 /var/oled/pcp/pmcd
python3   9001 root    2w   REG  252,1      545 8388751 /var/oled/pcp/pmcd/openmetrics.log

经过查询是 pcp 占有，你可以直接卸载，也可以关闭服务

卸载 pcp

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[[email protected] ~]#  dnf list pcp
Last metadata expiration check: 2:20:08 ago on Tue 10 Jun 2025 09:13:54 AM GMT.
Installed Packages
pcp.aarch64                                                                                6.2.2-7.0.1.el9_5                                                                                 @System
Available Packages
pcp.aarch64                                                                                6.3.7-1.el9_6                                                                                     ol9_appstream
pcp.src                                                                                    6.3.7-1.el9_6                                                                                     ol9_appstream
[[email protected] ~]# dnf remove pcp
Dependencies resolved.
==========================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                 Architecture                               Version                                              Repository                                  Size
==========================================================================================================================================================================================================
Removing:
 pcp                                                     aarch64                                    6.2.2-7.0.1.el9_5                                    @System                                    7.7 M
Removing dependent packages:
 pcp-oracle-conf                                         aarch64                                    1-6.0.3.el9                                          @System                                     58 k
 pcp-pmda-dm                                             aarch64                                    6.2.2-7.0.1.el9_5                                    @System                                    183 k
 pcp-pmda-nfsclient                                      aarch64                                    6.2.2-7.0.1.el9_5                                    @System                                     67 k
 pcp-pmda-openmetrics                                    aarch64                                    6.2.2-7.0.1.el9_5                                    @System                                     74 k
 pcp-system-tools                                        aarch64                                    6.2.2-7.0.1.el9_5                                    @System                                    1.1 M
 pcp-zeroconf                                            aarch64                                    6.2.2-7.0.1.el9_5                                    @System                                     20 k
 python3-pcp                                             aarch64                                    6.2.2-7.0.1.el9_5                                    @System                                    599 k

Transaction Summary
==========================================================================================================================================================================================================
Remove  8 Packages

Freed space: 9.9 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y

关闭 pcp

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[[email protected] pcp]#  systemctl status pmcd pmie pmlogger
● pmcd.service - Performance Metrics Collector Daemon
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/pmcd.service; enabled; preset: disabled)
     Active: active (running) since Tue 2025-06-10 08:46:07 GMT; 2h 51min ago
       Docs: man:pmcd(1)
   Main PID: 2777 (pmcd)
      Tasks: 9 (limit: 146408)
     Memory: 46.6M
        CPU: 13.496s
     CGroup: /system.slice/pmcd.service
             ├─2777 /usr/libexec/pcp/bin/pmcd -A
             ├─2784 /var/lib/pcp/pmdas/root/pmdaroot
             ├─2810 /var/lib/pcp/pmdas/proc/pmdaproc -A -d 3
             ├─2820 /var/lib/pcp/pmdas/xfs/pmdaxfs -d 11
             ├─2826 /var/lib/pcp/pmdas/linux/pmdalinux -A
             ├─2830 /var/lib/pcp/pmdas/kvm/pmdakvm -d 95
             ├─6519 /var/lib/pcp/pmdas/dm/pmdadm -d 129
             ├─8612 /usr/bin/python3 /var/lib/pcp/pmdas/nfsclient/pmdanfsclient.python
             └─9001 /usr/bin/python3 /var/lib/pcp/pmdas/openmetrics/pmdaopenmetrics.python

Jun 10 08:46:18 liups.com pmcd[8741]: [Tue Jun 10 08:46:18] pmdaopenmetrics(8741) Info: Initializing ... currently in notready state.
Jun 10 08:46:18 liups.com pmcd[8741]: [Tue Jun 10 08:46:18] pmdaopenmetrics(8741) Info: Config change detected, traversed 2 config entries in 0.0001s, rescanning ...
Jun 10 08:46:18 liups.com pmcd[8741]: [Tue Jun 10 08:46:18] pmdaopenmetrics(8741) Info: Found source grafana cluster 1
Jun 10 08:46:18 liups.com pmcd[8741]: [Tue Jun 10 08:46:18] pmdaopenmetrics(8741) Info: Found source kepler cluster 2
Jun 10 08:46:18 liups.com pmcd[8741]: [Tue Jun 10 08:46:18] pmdaopenmetrics(8741) Info: Ready to process requests
Jun 10 08:46:18 liups.com pmcd[8755]: [Tue Jun 10 08:46:18] pmdaopenmetrics(8755) Info: Initializing ... currently in notready state.
Jun 10 08:46:18 liups.com pmcd[8755]: [Tue Jun 10 08:46:18] pmdaopenmetrics(8755) Info: Config change detected, traversed 2 config entries in 0.0001s, rescanning ...
Jun 10 08:46:18 liups.com pmcd[8755]: [Tue Jun 10 08:46:18] pmdaopenmetrics(8755) Info: Found source grafana cluster 1
Jun 10 08:46:18 liups.com pmcd[8755]: [Tue Jun 10 08:46:18] pmdaopenmetrics(8755) Info: Found source kepler cluster 2
Jun 10 08:46:18 liups.com pmcd[8755]: [Tue Jun 10 08:46:18] pmdaopenmetrics(8755) Info: Ready to process requests

● pmie.service - Performance Metrics Inference Engine
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/pmie.service; enabled; preset: disabled)
     Active: active (running) since Tue 2025-06-10 08:46:07 GMT; 2h 51min ago
       Docs: man:pmie(1)
   Main PID: 3618 (pmie)
      Tasks: 1 (limit: 146408)
     Memory: 2.3M
        CPU: 320ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/pmie.service
             └─3618 /usr/bin/pmie -b -m pmie_check -F -P -l /var/oled/pcp/pmie/liups.com/pmie.log -c config.default

Jun 10 08:46:07 liups.com systemd[1]: Starting Performance Metrics Inference Engine...
Jun 10 08:46:07 liups.com systemd[1]: Started Performance Metrics Inference Engine.

● pmlogger.service - Performance Metrics Archive Logger
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/pmlogger.service; enabled; preset: disabled)
     Active: active (running) since Tue 2025-06-10 08:46:07 GMT; 2h 51min ago
       Docs: man:pmlogger(1)
   Main PID: 3644 (pmlogger)
      Tasks: 1 (limit: 146408)
     Memory: 135.5M
        CPU: 2.732s
     CGroup: /system.slice/pmlogger.service
             └─3644 /usr/libexec/pcp/bin/pmlogger -N -P -d "\"/var/oled/pcp/pmlogger/LOCALHOSTNAME\"" -r -T24h10m -c config.ora -v 100mb -m pmlogger_check %Y%m%d.%H.%M

Jun 10 08:46:07 liups.com systemd[1]: Starting Performance Metrics Archive Logger...
Jun 10 08:46:07 liups.com systemd[1]: Started Performance Metrics Archive Logger.
[[email protected] pcp]#  systemctl stop pmcd pmie pmlogger

[[email protected] pcp]# lsof /var/oled
[[email protected] pcp]# cd
[[email protected] ~]# sudo umount /var/oled

原文作者: liups.com

原文链接: http://liups.com/posts/4bcead0b/

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